The latter is his own view; the former is his teacher's. (1) For it was taught, R. Judah said on R. Gamaliel's authority: Blood cannot nullify [other] blood; (2) saliva cannot nullify saliva; and urine cannot nullify urine. (3) Raba said: We are discussing a pail which is clean on the inside and unclean on the outside: (4) by law even a small quantity is sufficient, (5) and it was only the Rabbis who enacted a preventive measure, (6) lest one begrudge [the water] and not immerse it. (7) Since then we have an excess [of Mikweh water], nothing else is required. (8) Raba said: The Rabbis have said that taste [is the determining factor]; and the Rabbis have said [that we decide] by the majority; and the Rabbis have said that [we go] by appearance. [When] one kind [is mixed] with a different kind, taste [is the determining factor]. [When] one kind [is mixed] with the same kind, the greater part [determines its status]; and where there is appearance, (9) [we go] by looks. Now, [Resh Lakish] disagrees with R. Eleazar. For R. Eleazar said: Just as precepts cannot nullify one another, so can interdicts not nullify one another. (10) Whom do you know to maintain that precepts cannot nullify one another? — It is Hillel. For it was taught: It was related of Hillel the Elder that he used to wrap them (11) together, for it is said, they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. (12)

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(1). ↑ His own view is the lenient one. — The interpretation of this whole passage follows Rashi, Tosaf. urges many objections to this, and gives a different interpretation based on an emended text.
(2). ↑ In respect to sprinkling; v. supra 35a.
(3). ↑ The saliva and the urine of a Zab (q.v. Glos.), which are unclean, cannot be nullified by those of a clean person, which are clean, even though the latter exceed the former. This is a stringent view, and the similar stringent view above is likewise his teacher's ruling, not his own.
(4). ↑ E.g., the outside was defiled through unclean water. Such defilement is Rabbinical only, and leaves the inside clean.
(5). ↑ Even if a little water enters the pail, it becomes clean, since the inside is clean in any case. — A little must enter, so that we can be sure that it has run over the edge, which is unclean.
(6). ↑ I.e., they ruled that it must be properly immersed, with a considerable quantity of water inside.
(7). ↑ If he is permitted to immerse the outside only, he may wish to save the water of lustration for further use and not allow even a trickle of Mikweh water to enter the pail.
(8). ↑ Raba explains that R. Judah generally agrees with his teacher's stricter ruling, but that here there is a particular reason for his more lenient ruling.
(9). ↑ Where taste is irrelevant, as e.g., in the case of a Mikweh, as above.
(10). ↑ One forbidden thing cannot nullify another. Resh Lakish ruled supra 78a that forbidden things do annul one another.
(11). ↑ Sc. unleavened bread and bitter herbs and the paschal meat, the eating of which is obligatory on the first evening of Passover.
(12). ↑ Num. IX, 11, Thus he does not hold that the taste of one nullifies the other.